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课件网) 专题一 应用文写作 第2讲 写作技法指导 一、学会运用高级词汇 评分标准第五档中提到，“词汇方面虽有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致”。高级词汇就像一颗颗耀眼的明珠，为作文增添光彩，从而使考生稳拿高分。 1．标新立异，晚词优先 老师偏爱学得比较晚的单词，新学的单词，可以体现学生具备“学以致用”的意识。如果某个单词既可以用初中的词汇来表达，又可以用高中的词汇来表达，那么要尽量选择用高中的，如： ①adj.美丽的 索然无味低分词：beautiful 吸人眼球高分词：appealing有吸引力的；attractive 吸引人的；charming迷人的；fascinating 迷人的 ②adj.困难的 索然无味低分词：difficult 吸人眼球高分词：challenging 有挑战性的 ③adj.重要的 索然无味低分词：important 吸人眼球高分词：vital 至关重要的；essential 必不可少的；significant 有重要意义的 2．短语/词块优先 在阅卷老师看来，活用短语能够体现一个考生的语言运用能力。因此，我们可以将某些常见单词转化为短语/词块，如： ①v.参加 索然无味低分词：join 吸人眼球高分词：take part in；participate in ②v.使用 索然无味低分词：use 吸人眼球高分词：make good use of ③v.拜访 索然无味低分词：visit 吸人眼球高分词：pay a visit to 二、学会运用高级句式 高考时，一篇写作中的句子如果都采用简单句，肯定不能得高分，精彩句式的合理使用会使文章读起来抑扬顿挫。因此应多使用一些高级句式和复合句，让句子“高人一筹”，亮点纷呈，彰显考生的写作能力。 1．精彩的复合句 (1)增加亮点的定语从句 For example, there are huge amounts of reference books.I am often confused to choose from them. →For example, there are huge amounts of reference books from which I am often confused to choose. (2)吸引眼球的状语从句 ①Since you have long been interested in Chinese culture(原因状语从句), I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you. ②If you're interested in the Chinese folk art(条件状语从句)，please e-mail me. (3)提升档次的名词性从句 ①It is worth mentioning that our volleyball team won the championship twice in the national middle school volleyball match.(主语从句) ②I hope these suggestions would be helpful to you.(宾语从句) ③That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice.(表语从句) 2．亮眼的倒装句 So diligent are you that I'm more than delighted to teach you. 3．新颖的强调句和省略句 (1)It is the spirit that the story conveys that really matters. (2)As scheduled，an art exhibition will be held next Sunday in the local museum. 4．传神的被动结构 Your timely help will be very much appreciated by me. 5．言简意赅的非谓语动词结构 To get admitted，I have made good preparations，trying to know as much as I could about my city. 6．委婉的虚拟语气 Without your kindness and generosity，I would not have enjoyed myself so much when visiting England. 三、自然的顺承衔接 连接(过渡)性词语的使用是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。在句与句之间，段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接(过渡)性词语是非常必要的。过渡词语就像纽带一样把文章紧密地连接起来，更像润滑剂，使文章衔接流畅。 1．表示起始关系的过渡性词语 above all, first of all, to begin with, according to, as you know/as i ... ...
