(
课件网) Unit 2 Success Lesson 1 Money vs Success 4. v.-ing形式作定语 （1）单个v.-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词前，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。 building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台 （2）v.-ing形式短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝大街的房子里。 The man standing there is Peter's father. = The man who is standing there is Peter's father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 （3）v.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。 She fell of the bike, breaking her left leg. 她从自行车上掉下来，结果摔断了左腿。 His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他哥哥住在北京，是一名教师。 The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。 注意： ① v.-ing形式的完成式不可作定语 ② 在message, letter, sign, news, notice等词后要用v.-ing作定语，不用过去分词 ③ 某些v.-ing形式作定语时，不再表示动作，已经变成了形容词词性 an interesting story 一个有趣的故事 an exciting match 一场激动人心的比赛 5. v.-ing形式作宾语补足语 （1）在see, hear, feel, watch, notice, hear等感官动词后和catch, find, have, keep, leave, start等动词之后可以用v.-ing形式作宾语补足语。这时v.-ing形式和句子宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，并且v.-ing形式表示正在进行的动作。 We saw a light burning in the window. 我们看到窗户上有灯在燃烧。 I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. 我感觉有人拍我的肩膀。 When the teacher caught the boy student cheating in the exam, he made him go out. 发现这个男生正在作弊，老师让他出去了。 He kept them working all day. 他让他们整天干活。 （2）动词不定式和v.-ing形式作宾语补足语的区别 在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用v.-ing形式作宾语补足语，也可用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，两者之间有一定的区别。 ① 用v.-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行 Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人正在敲门吗？ (Someone is knocking at the door.) ② 用动词不定式时，表示动作的全过程已经结束了。 Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗？ (Someone knocked at the door just now.) （3）with的复合结构 ① with+宾语+doing (主动，同时) I couldn't go to sleep with him playing the piano. 他弹着琴，所以我睡不着。 ② with+宾语+ being done (正在被……) With the audience looking at him, he felt extremely anxious. 观众看着他，他感到非常焦虑。 6. v.-ing形式作状语 v.-ing形式可以在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随状况。 （1）作时间状语 Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy. 听到这个消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来 ... ...
