/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room 知识精讲 一、重点单词讲解 1. throw v. 扔；掷 教材原句：I threw down my bag and went to the living room. (p19-3a) 【直击考点】 throw 过去式和过去分词是threw thrown throw rubbish 扔垃圾 Don’t throw rubbish. throw常用词组 throw at 把...扔向 throw about 乱丢；乱花（钱） throw away抛弃；浪费 throw cold water on sb. 对...泼冷水 2. neither adv. 也不 教材原句：For one week, my mother did not do any housework and neither did I. (p19-3a) 【直击考点】 1） neither两者都不 neither …nor… 既不…也不…，连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定 Neither Tom nor Jim is a student. 2）“…也不” --Do you like going hiking --No, I don’t. --Me, neither. 拓展： either 表示”两者中任意一个”, either...or...或者...或者... both 表示”两个都” 3. pass v. 给；递；通过 教材原句：Could you please pass me the salt (p20-4a) 【直击考点】 pass v. 给；递 pass sb. sth pass on传递 Please help me pass the book to Linda.. pass v. 通过 Everyone passes the exam because it is too easy. 2) past prep. 过、超过 It’s half past six. It’s time to get up. 4. borrow v. 借；借用 教材原句：Could I borrow that book (p20-4a) 【直击考点】 1) borrow 借入,与from 连用，尤指主语“借进来” borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library. 2) lend 借出,与to 搭配, 指”借出去” lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 He doesn’t want to lend his book to others. keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，指借一段时间） You can keep the books for two weeks. 5. hate v. 厌恶；讨厌 教材原句：I hate to do chores. (p20-4b) 【直击考点】 hate用法同like 1）hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。 I hate to trouble him. 2）hate doing sth.不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。 She hates smoking in her room. 6. waste v. 浪费；滥用 n. 浪费；垃圾 教材原句：Housework is a waste of their time. (p22-2b) 【直击考点】 1) waste v. “浪费”，注意以下句型与结构： ＊waste time (money) on/over sth，表示“在……方面浪费时间（金钱）” I don’t think we need waste much time on this. ＊waste time (money) (in) doing sth，表示“浪费时间（金钱）做某事” We wasted a whole afternoon (in) trying to repair the car. ＊ waste 之后也可接除 time, money 之外的名词作宾语 Don’t waste your efforts on helping him. 2) waste n. “浪费”，不可数，但可连用不定冠词, a waste of... It’s a waste of time your talking to him. 还可表示“废料”“废物”等，不可数 Waste from the body passes out from the bowels (肠道). 3) waste adj.“无用的”“废弃的” He threw it away, thinking it was waste paper. provide v. 提供；供应 教材原句：It’s the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. (p22-2b) 【直击考点】 provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 provide sth. for sb. 与offer区分 provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给” provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物 offer 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. offer to do sth 主动提出干某事 develop v. 发展； ... ...
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