【弯道超车】专题10 动词的基本形式-2025年九年级年级英语暑假自学习精讲精练(通用版)(含答案解析)

/ 让学习更有效 暑假自学课 | 英语学科 【弯道超车】2025年九年级年级英语暑假自学习精讲精练 （通用版）专题10 动词基本形式 一、动词的四种基本形式 英语动词有四种基本形式，这些形式构成了动词的各种时态和语态： 形式名称 构成方式 示例（以do为例） 主要用途 原形（Base Form） 动词基本形式 do 用于一般现在时（非第三人称单数）、不定式、祈使句等 第三人称单数形式 原形+s/es does 用于一般现在时第三人称单数 过去式（Past Form） 规则动词加-ed/不规则变化 did 用于一般过去时 过去分词（Past Participle） 规则动词加-ed/不规则变化 done 用于完成时态和被动语态 二、动词第三人称单数变化规则 1. 一般情况：直接加-s work → works play → plays 2. 以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾：加-es pass → passes fix → fixes watch → watches wash → washes go → goes 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i加-es study → studies try → tries 4. 特殊情况 have → has be → is 三、动词过去式和过去分词变化规则 1. 规则变化 规则 示例 一般加-ed work → worked → worked 以e结尾加-d live → lived → lived 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-ed study → studied → studied 重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾辅音字母加-ed stop → stopped → stopped 2. 不规则变化（需单独记忆） 类型 示例 AAA型（三式同形） cut → cut → cut ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形） make → made → made ABA型（原形与过去分词同形） come → came → come ABC型（三式不同） go → went → gone 四、动词-ing形式（现在分词）变化规则 1. 一般情况：直接加-ing work → working play → playing 2. 以不发音的e结尾：去e加-ing live → living make → making 3. 重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾辅音字母加-ing run → running swim → swimming 4. 以ie结尾：变ie为y加-ing lie → lying die → dying 五、动词基本形式的用法 1. 原形用法 一般现在时（非第三人称单数）： I/You/We/They work hard. 不定式（带to或不带to）： I want to go. / Let me try. 祈使句： Open the door, please. 2. 第三人称单数用法 一般现在时第三人称单数： He/She/It works hard. 3. 过去式用法 一般过去时： I worked yesterday. 4. 过去分词用法 完成时态： I have worked here for years. 被动语态： The work was done well. 5. 现在分词用法 进行时态： I am working now. 作形容词： This is an interesting book. 六、常见错误分析 1、第三人称单数忘记加s： 错误：He work very hard. 正确：He works very hard. 2、过去式不规则变化错误： 错误：I goed to school. 正确：I went to school. 3、现在分词双写规则错误： 错误：runing 正确：running 4、过去分词使用错误： 错误：I have did my homework. 正确：I have done my homework. 1．They are looking forward to Beijing. A．visit B．visiting C．visits D．will visit 2． — Could I____your bicycle —Sure, and you can____it for a week. A．borrow, borrow B．borrow, keep C．lend, lend D．lend, borrow 3． The boy doesn't want to ____ to his parents. A．lie B．salty C．aloud D．suggest 4．National Public Memorial Day of Nanjing Massacre (南京大屠杀国家公祭日) is to ____ us of the days in the war. A．remind B．remain C．repeat D．remember 5．— Some scientists _____ there is water on the planet. —Yeah. This has made people think about _____ there is life on the planet now. A．invent; whether B．find; whether C．invent; what D．find; what 6．— Henry, wha ... ...