
高考英语概要写作专项训练 (上海专用) 一、概要写作 1. 4 大得分点(是阅卷老师整体评判标准,缺一不可) 1)要点完整:原文全部核心观点、关键事件不遗漏,次要细节(举例、数据、小故事)全部删掉 2)逻辑连贯:用上衔接词,分层清晰,不能零散堆砌句子但一直没有重点 3)语言改写:不能直接把原文照搬,可用同义替换、句式转换(定语/非谓语)改写 4)字数合规:一般要求在50-60词,不超过60词,一定严格按要求写。 2. 通用四步解题法(不分文章体裁,都适用) Step1 划主干,剔除细枝末节 划:段落主旨句、作者态度、核心措施、利弊、因果结论 删:人名、地名、数字、举例、对话、小故事、重复解释 Step2 梳理逻辑框架 ① 现象+原因+解决办法 ② 事物利弊对比 ③ 观点+论据 ④ 问题+影响+建议 Step3 同义改写,换句式(杜绝无思考照抄原文,这是扣分点) 单词替换:名词/形容词/动词换同义短语 句式转换:简单句合并、非谓语/定语从句替换简单句 Step4 串联 + 控字数 加入逻辑连接词,合并短句,最后把数字调整至50-60词,根据试题要求,一定不能超过60词。 3. 高频逻辑连接词(需背记,用来增加文章的前后逻辑性) 表因果:therefore, thus, as a result, due to 表转折:however, instead, yet 表递进:besides, furthermore, moreover 表列举:firstly, secondly, finally 表观点:the author holds that 4. 3 个严重扣分点,不要触碰 1. 大段摘抄原文句子,扣分严重 2. 自主加入主观想法(概要写作 只要求客观概括,不能写 我认为....) 3. 语言零碎,核心要点丢失(文章写了一大篇,但总体事情还是说不明白,劳心劳力,但大多是徒劳) 例题 特别注意:一开始练习概要写作,不要着急,严格按照要求一步一步写在旁边,当熟练之后,我们再来在脑海中加工精简一下步骤,然后再落笔,同学们一定要多练习,记住熟能生巧 1 基础入门(校园话题·现象+原因结构) 原文 Nowadays, many high school students spend much time scrolling short-video apps after school. Most of them say they watch clips to release pressure from heavy homework. However, the habit brings bad influences. For one thing, staring screens for long hurts their eyesight. Besides, too much wasted leisure time leaves no room for reading or sports. Teachers suggest students set fixed time limits for short videos every day. Step1 根据上文讲的内容划出 4 个核心要点,这是理清文章的基础,不要对文章似懂非懂,模棱两可 1. 现象:高中生课后沉迷短视频 2. 原因:缓解作业压力 3. 两大危害:伤视力、挤占阅读运动时间 4. 教师建议:每日限定刷视频时长 Step2而后根据第一步再进一步 梳理文章逻辑的:现象→原因→弊端→建议 Step3 用一些同一内容进行对原文的改写替换 spend much time scrolling short-videos → are addicted to short videos release pressure → relieve academic stress hurt eyesight → do harm to their eyes set time limits → fix daily screen time Step4 标准概要参考 Nowadays, numerous high school students are addicted to short videos after school to relieve heavy academic stress. Nevertheless, this has two negative effects. It not only harms their eyesight but takes up time that should be spent on reading and sports. Therefore, teachers advise them to set fixed daily limits on watching short videos. 解析: 1. 无原文原句,全部同义替换; 2. 4 个核心要点全部覆盖,无遗漏; 3. 使用连接词nevertheless/therefore 衔接,逻辑清晰; 4. 字数合规 2 中档提升 ... ...
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