【弯道超车】Unit 1 When was it invented？ 核心语法之被动语态与主动语态的转换-2025年鲁教版(五四学制)九年级全册英语精讲精练 (含答案解析)

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科 / 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科 2025年鲁教版（五四学制）九年级全册英语精讲精练 Unit 1 When was it invented？ 核心语法：被动语态与主动语态的转换 一、核心概念 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 转换本质：将"谁做了什么事"变为"什么事被谁做" 二、转换规则（四步法） 找宾语 主动句的宾语 → 被动句的主语 They built a house. → A house was built. 定be动词 根据新主语的数和时态选择： 一般现在时：am/is/are 一般过去时：was/were 现在完成时：have/has been 改动词 主动语态动词 → 过去分词(V-ed) built → was built 加by短语（可选） 执行者明确且重要时保留 A house was built by them. 三、时态转换对照表 主动语态时态 被动语态转换公式 例句（主动→被动） 一般现在时 am/is/are + V-ed She cleans the room. → The room is cleaned. 一般过去时 was/were + V-ed They made a cake. → A cake was made. 现在进行时 am/is/are being + V-ed He is fixing the car. → The car is being fixed. 过去进行时 was/were being + V-ed We were painting the wall. → The wall was being painted. 现在完成时 have/has been + V-ed She has written the letter. → The letter has been written. 四、特殊句型转换 含双宾语的句子（通常用人作被动主语） 主动：He gave me a book. 被动1：I was given a book. 被动2：A book was given to me. 含情态动词的句子 主动：You must finish the work. 被动：The work must be finished. 短语动词的被动（不可省略介词） 主动：They laughed at him. 被动：He was laughed at. 五、易错警示 不及物动词无被动 The accident was happened. → The accident happened. by短语的省略原则 保留：强调执行者（by Shakespeare） 省略：执行者未知/不重要（by someone） 动词形式错误 The story was wrote by him. → The story was written by him. 六、记忆口诀 "主变被，四步行： 一找宾语作新主，二选be动时态明， 三改动词过去分，四加by否看情形。 双宾用人更常见，短语动词勿丢介！" 1．Something _____ if we have the party next week. A．happens B．is happened C．will happen D．will be happened 2．Be careful_____ the paper．It _____ easily． A．with；tears B．of；is torn C．with；breaks D．with；is broken 3．Pet dogs need _____ often. A．wash B．to wash C．washes D．washing 4．Look at your hair, Coco! Don’t you think it needs _____ A．be cut B．cut C．cutting D．to cut 5．—What is mum cooking in the kitchen —Fish, I guess. How nice it _____! A．is smelling B．is smelt C．will smell D．smells 6．—Have you ever read the novel called Gulliver’s Travels —Yes. It _____ well. A．is read B．was read C．will read D．reads 7．—I think they are enough. We _____ make so many chairs. —I don’t think so. Nearly a quarter of them need _____. A．don’t need to; mending B．needed; to be mended C．don’t need; mend D．need; to mend 8．—I like this handbag. How much is it —Only 200 yuan. It _____ well in our shop. A．sells B．is sold C．sold D．is selling 9．His bike is broken. It needs _____ soon. A．be repaired B．to be repair C．repairing D．be mended 10．The flowers need _____. A．watering B．to water C．watered D．waters 11．―My computer works much more slowly these days. ―M ... ...