(
课件网) Unit 8 A green world (Grammar) ★学习目标： 掌握一般将来时被动语态的结构与用法，区分三种时态被动语态； 能在环保主题情境中，正确运用被动语态进行口语与书面表达； 增强环保意识，树立绿色生活理念。 ★教学难点： 区分一般将来时主动语态与被动语态的结构与语用差异。 在真实写作与口语表达中，准确、自然地综合运用不同时态的被动语态。 理解中英文在被动表达上的思维差异，避免母语干扰。 Passive voice in the simple future tense Passive voice（被动语态） 主动语态：主语是动作的发出者（执行者） 例：People will punish him. （人们会惩罚他。） 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者（被执行者） 例：He will be punished (by people). （他会被（人们）惩罚。） 核心结构：主语 + be动词 + 过去分词 + (by + 动作执行者) 被动语态的使用场景 ①不知道或无需强调动作的执行者 例：A new park will be built here.（谁建不重要，重点是“公园被建”） 这里要建一座新公园。 Rubbish is collected every morning.（重点是“垃圾被处理”。） 垃圾每天早上都会被收走。 ②需要突出 / 强调动作的承受者（主语） 例：The old library was rebuilt last year.（重点对象是“图书馆”） 旧图书馆去年被重建了。 被动语态的使用场景 ③正式、客观的书面语语境（公告、法律、说明文） 例：Smoking is not allowed in public places.（公告类客观表达） 公共场所禁止吸烟。 These rules must be followed by everyone.（重点对象是“规则”） 这些规则必须被所有人遵守。 ④动作的执行者被 by 引出，需要放在句末补充说明 例：The thief was caught by the police. 小偷被警察抓住了。 （重点是“小偷被抓”，执行者“警察”后置补充） Passive voice in the simple present tense （一般现在时被动语态） 一般现在时被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，表示经常性、习惯性 动作、客观事实、规章制度、常态情况。 基本结构：主语 + am /is/are + 动词过去分词 (done) 例句：Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops. Some are given to people in need. Others are sent to factories for recycling. Passive voice in the simple future tense （一般将来时被动语态） 一般将来时被动语态：表示将来将要发生的被动动作，主语是动作 的承受者，多用于计划、安排、规定、未 来举措等场景。 基本结构：will be + 动词过去分词 / be going to be + 动词过去分词 例句：When people break these rules, they will be punished. They are going to be used more widely in the future. Passive voice of the simple past tense （一般过去时被动语态） 一般过去时被动语态：表示过去发生的被动动作，主语是动作的承 受者，常用于讲述过去的事件、规定、举措 或已发生的事实。 基本结构：主语 + was /were + 动词过去分词 (done) 例句：The classroom was cleaned ten minutes ago. The sports meeting was not held last week because of the rain. Mr Wu is tolking about the school Environment Week. Reod what he says below and pay attention to the use of the passive volce. Last year, many trees were planted at the school during the Environment Week. This year, other eco-friendly activities will be organized. A recycling event is going to be held at our school. You can donate old clothes and shoes. They’ll be sent to poor areas. I hope everyone will take an active part in at least one activity and also vote for t ... ...
