Unit 1 Face values Developing ideas—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册课前导学 重点单词短语 wretch _____ exclaim _____ heartfelt _____ compassion _____ exquisite _____ accent _____ utter _____ immense _____ monster _____ resemble _____ savage _____ coarse _____ heartbreaking _____ expression _____ intently _____ repay _____ profound _____ tenderness _____ motive _____ novelist _____ torture _____ graceful _____ execution _____ 重点短语 be concerned with _____ regardless of _____ be fascinated by _____ take on a cruel look _____ remind sb. of sth. _____ 重难知识点 1. Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments, as they considered their predicament in silence, she so graceful, he so repulsive. 独立主格结构： 独立主格结构是一种带有自己逻辑主语的非谓语动词分句或无动词分句，语法上独立于主句，但在语义上与主句相关，通常在句中作状语和定语。独立主格结构可位于句首、句尾，用逗号和主句隔开。独立主格结可扩展为状语从句。 （一） 基本形式 名词普通格或代词主格+不定式/现在分词/过去分词/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语 （二）独立主格结构的种类 ① 不定式作独立主格结构 动词不定式与前面的名词或代词存在逻辑上的主谓关系，通常表示未发生的动作。这种结构也可改为一个从句或并列分句。 1.动词不定式用主动的形式。 We divided the work, he to clean the windows and I to sweep the floor. 我们进行了分工，他擦窗户，我扫地。 2.动词不定式用被动的形式。 Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树，花和草后，我们新建的学校将看上去更美。 =If many trees, flowers, and grass are planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. ② -ing形式作独立主格结构 在独立主格结构中，动词的-ing形式与其逻辑主语一致，而逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。 表示时间的-ing形式作“独立主格结构” He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. 他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。 （seating himself at the desk有自己的逻辑主语he） 表示原因的-ing形式作“独立主格结构” Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. 许多眼睛看着他，他感到有点儿紧张。 （=As many eyes were watching him） 注意： 含有being的独立主格结构。 It being National Day today，the streets are very crowded. 今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。 = As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded. 表示条件的-ing形式作“独立主格结构” Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week. 时间允许的话，我们下星期将进行一次野炊。 （相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits) 表示方式的-ing形式作“独立主格结构” The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest. 学生们快乐地在学校里走着，每个人胸前都带着一张卡。 （相当于一个并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest） ③ -ed形式作独立主格结构 与-ing形式独立主格结构类似，-ed形式独立主格结构的逻辑主语也与主句主语不一致。 The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school. 由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。 （lost 的逻辑主语是the key，lost 也可以用完成时having been lost） = Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school. 比较： 动词不定 ... ...
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