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课件网) Unit 1 Cultural Heritage ENGLISH Discovering Useful Structures Teaching objectives 01 Master the usage of restrictive attributive clauses. Learn to use them to add details to people and things, and use the clauses correctly in sentences and short passages. Develop logical thinking by analyzing sentence structures. Learn to sort out relationships between different parts of a sentence and express ideas more precisely. Grasp effective ways to summarize grammar rules. Take part in pair work and exercises actively to improve autonomous and cooperative learning skills. Deepen understanding of world cultural heritage. Use attributive clauses to introduce heritage sites and raise awareness of protecting cultural treasures. Teaching points 02 Grasp the basic structure and relative pronouns of restrictive attributive clauses. Be able to use the clauses to describe people and things in detail accurately. Distinguish different relative pronouns properly in complex contexts. Use restrictive attributive clauses flexibly in practical writing and daily expression. Discovering Useful Structures 03 Look at the sentences below and underline the relative pronouns and adverbs. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water. Find more sentences containing relative clauses from the text on page 4, and discuss briefly with a partner the major functions of them. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new... Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing. Then make a short summary in a table or mind map. 限制性定语从句 一、定义与核心意义 1. 概念 定语从句用来修饰名词 / 代词，相当于形容词。限制性定语从句是从句中最基础的类型，不可省略，它对前面的先行词起到限定、区分、特指作用。 2. 核心意义 缩小先行词范围，明确 “哪一个 / 哪些” 人或事物； 无逗号分隔，从句和主句联系紧密，去掉后主句语义不完整、指代模糊； 翻译习惯：直接译作定语，放在被修饰名词前。 例：The girl who is standing there is my classmate. 限制性定语从句 （站在那里的那个女孩是我的同学。→ 限定是 “站在那儿的” 女孩，而非其他人） 二、基本结构形式 1. 标准公式 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句（完整主谓结构） 先行词：被修饰的名词 / 代词，位于从句前面； 关系词：连接主句与从句，同时在从句中充当句子成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语）； 句式特征：无逗号，主句与从句连为一体。 限制性定语从句 2. 两种基础句式 先行词 + 关系代词 + 从句（关系词作主 / 宾 / 定） 先行词 + 关系副词 + 从句（关系词作状） 三、关系词分类及用法 （一）关系代词（指代人 / 物，在从句中作主、宾、定语） 1. who（指人，作主语） The man who helped me is a worker. 先行词：the man；who 在从句中作主语，不可省略。 2. whom（指人，作宾语） 限制性定语从 ... ...
